NASICON-type V-based phosphate cathodes for sodium-ion batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with abundant raw materials and cost-effectiveness, are regarded as promising technologies for energy storage. Among various cathode materials, NASICON-type vanadium-based phosphates exhibit exceptional sodium storage capabilities. Nevertheless, low energy density, inadequate electronic conductivity, the toxicity of vanadium, and elevated costs hinder its practical application. In order to advance the practical applicability of polyanionic vanadium phosphate, current research efforts are concentrated on formulating effective strategies for improving the electrochemical performance. Consequently, this perspective focuses on the research progress of V-based phosphate cathode materials from the lattice regulation strategies, including the effects of single or double regulation of cation and anion sites on their local crystal/electronic structure, electrode reaction kinetics, Na+ migration path, sodium storage properties and mechanisms. Furthermore, the remaining challenges and personal outlooks about the future development of NASICON-type phosphate cathodes are presented. This review aims to inspire the rational design of advanced polyanion cathode materials for SIBs.