Digestive enzymes inhibition, antioxidant and antiglycation activities of phenolic compounds from jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora) peel

In this study, jabuticaba peel purified phenolic extracts were studied regarding their potential inhibitory effects on digestive enzymes linked to diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity, inhibitory activities towards glycation of bovine serum albumin (BSA), and antioxidant activities. The impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID) on the stability of anthocyanins and bioactivities was also evaluated. The analyzed extracts exhibited significant inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.47–5.20 mg/mL), α-amylase (IC50: 0.45–1.88 mg/mL), and lipase (IC50: 13.52–111.51 mg/mL). The extracts also inhibited the glycation of BSA (IC50: 0.23–7.07 mg/mL) and showed relevant antioxidant activities. The correlation analysis indicated anthocyanins as one of the main contributing compounds to the bioactivities studied. Cyanidin-3-glucoside was the major anthocyanin identified in the extracts by HPLC analysis. After GID, there was a decrease in the total anthocyanin content (72.77% ± 1.67%) and, consequently, a reduction in the inhibitory activities of carbohydrate digestive enzymes and BSA glycation. This research provided scientific data about the functional properties of jabuticaba peel extracts, which may be a source of dietary compounds with hypoglycaemic, antiglycation, and antioxidant effects.