Probiotic–Biomimetic Nanodrug with Sustainable Nitric Oxide Release Ameliorates Infected Wound Healing

The regulation of overshooting inflammation is critical for orchestrating wound healing. Nitric oxide (NO) has shown great potential in combating drug-resistant bacterial infections and promoting angiogenesis. However, the application of NO has been limited due to insufficient NO storage, burst release of NO reservoir materials, and proinflammatory side effects. Herein, a biomimetic nanodrug consisting of a thiol–disulfide hybrid mesoporous organo silica nanocore and a probiotic membrane shell was developed for the treatment of infected wounds. The biomimetic nanodrug exhibited increased NO storage and sustained NO release due to the framework-doped architecture, thereby potentiating a NO-based therapy. Furthermore, the probiotic membrane coating provided the biomimetic nanodrug with an excellent ability to regulate floral balance and inflammatory reactions at wound sites. Therefore, the biomimetic nanodrug not only accelerated collagen deposition and angiogenesis but also increased the relative abundance of probiotics and reduced the excessive release of inflammatory factors in infected wounds. Our work offers a promising nanoplatform that integrates NO gas therapy and probiotic therapy for the treatment of infected wounds.