Comparison of holmium:yttrium‐aluminium‐garnet (YAG), thulium fiber laser, and pulsed thulium:YAG lasers on soft tissue: an ex vivo study

To assess laser-tissue interactions through ablation, coagulation, and carbonisation characteristics in a non-perfused porcine kidney model between three pulsed lasers: holmium (Ho): yttrium-aluminium-garnet (YAG), thulium fiber laser (TFL), and pulsed thulium (p-Tm):YAG.