Bioactive Indole Alkaloid from Aspergillus amoenus TJ507 That Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major factor contributing to the failure of hepatic resection and liver transplantation. As part of our ongoing investigation into bioactive compounds derived from fungi, we isolated eight indole alkaloids (1-8) from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus amoenus TJ507. Among these alkaloids, one previously undescribed compound, amoenamide D (1), was identified. The planar structure of 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and NMR spectra. The absolute configuration of 1 was elucidated by using electronic circular dichroism calculations. Notably, in the CoCl₂-induced hepatocyte damage model, notoamide Q (3) exhibited significant anti-hypoxia injury activity. Furthermore, in a murine hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury model, treatment with 3 prevents IRI-induced liver damage and hepatocellular apoptosis. Consequently, 3 might serve as a potential lead compound to prevent hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.