Triple-A supply chain and firm performance relationship: a meta-analysis

The triple-A supply chain (SC) is characterised as agile, adaptable, and aligned that help firms achieve competitive advantage in the business environment, but few studies have examined their impact on firm performance. This meta-analysis provides a generalised overview of this relationship, based on the extant empirical evidence. Via a systematic literature review, 63 peer-reviewed quantitative empirical studies were carefully identified with 63 usable effect sizes. This meta-analytic study confirms that triple-A SC is positively associated with firm performance, including in the areas of aggregate, business, and operational performance. The findings reveal that each dimension of triple-A SC (agility, adaptability, and alignment) contributes to overall firm performance. Moreover, performance measurement, industry type, and economic region moderate the relationship between triple-A SC and firm performance. Significant implications can be drawn for business managers or practitioners by displaying how to build a triple SC to improve firm performance.