The emergence of a ‘twin transition’ scientific knowledge base in the European regions

This study reveals both the spatial and the combinatory patterns of the digital and green scientific knowledge bases for the creation of new knowledge in the domain of the so-called 'twin transition'. The recent and rapid diffusion of this twin scientific knowledge in the European regions has not adhered to clearly defined spatial patterns and has been characterised by a dynamic process of actor reconfiguration. However, regions with a strong green and digital science base have a greater propensity to produce more, better quality and more visible twin knowledge. Among the most prevalent twin knowledge fields emerging today are artificial intelligence (AI)- and Internet of Things (IoT)-powered applications for energy storage, distribution and consumption; environmental monitoring and modelling; and urban planning.