Preliminary effects of bracing and the Schroth method on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with low Risser grade: A randomized controlled trial

Objective To evaluate the combined effects of bracing and the Schroth method on spinal deformity, thoracic mobility, and pulmonary function in adolescents with low Risser grade adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods This prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial included 42 adolescents with low Risser grade AIS. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: combined (CG), bracing-only (BG), and Schroth-only, and were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. The primary outcomes were the Cobb angle and angle of trunk rotation (ATR). Secondary outcomes included thoracic spine mobility, chest expansion, and pulmonary function, which were measured using forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Results All groups showed significant improvements, with CG and BG achieving greater Cobb angle reduction and CG showing superior ATR improvement. CG also exhibited the greatest gains in thoracic mobility and chest expansion. Pulmonary function improved within groups, but no between-group differences were noted. Conclusion Bracing combined with the Schroth method was more effective than either intervention alone in mitigating spinal curvature and enhancing thoracic mobility in adolescents with low Risser grade AIS. These combined therapeutic approaches can curb curve progression and optimize functional outcomes in high-risk patients with AIS.