Microfluidic Pumping of Artificial Microcilia Via Asymmetric Beating of Cardiomyocytes

Abstract Artificial cilia are engineered to emulate the asymmetric motion of natural cilia for achieving fluid manipulation in diverse applications. However, most synthetic versions necessitate complex anisotropic structures or rely on external control systems. This study presents a novel biohybrid ciliary pump that integrates the natural pulsatile motion of cardiomyocytes with artificial microcilia functions. The biohybrid microcilia are fabricated with specially engineered cardiomyocytes cultured on flexible substrates. These microcilia exhibit velocity‐asymmetric beating motion resulting from spontaneous contractions or electrically stimulated cardiomyocytes’ contraction. Experimental results demonstrate that the microcilia can effectively pump fluid along their power stroke direction, achieving a maximum horizontal fluid velocity of 4.18 µm sec −1 at 1 Hz. Some microcilia are observed showing a non‐reciprocal motion, leading to improved pumping efficiency. Simulation analysis indicates that phase‐shifted contractions cause geometric asymmetries that enhance fluid propulsion. This study underscores the potential of biohybrid cilia as self‐beating, adaptable systems for biocompatible fluid transport, with future applications in biotech fluid control, medical implants, and targeted drug delivery.