Exploring the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in leukemia: a comprehensive review

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of decondensed chromatin and neutrophil granule proteins that trap invading microorganisms. However, since their discovery, especially in recent years, NETs have attracted increasing attention as key elements involved in the pathogenesis of a wide range of pathologic conditions including cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Many studies outlined that NETs contribute to regulating the biological behavior of many solid tumors and contribute to their initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, little is known regarding their implication in hematological malignancies and liquid tumors. In this comprehensive study, we review the studies focusing on the role of NETs in the pathophysiology of leukemia.