Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of coronary events in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort study

医学 队列 饮食与癌症 队列研究 比例危险模型 入射(几何) 人口学 食品集团 危险系数 环境卫生 置信区间 内科学 物理 社会学 光学
作者
Shunming Zhang,Justine Dukuzimana,Anna Stubbendorff,Ulrika Ericson,Yan Borné,Emily Sonestedt
出处
期刊:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:117 (5): 903-909 被引量:52
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.02.018
摘要

The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a globally environmentally sustainable dietary pattern featuring mainly plant-based foods in 2019. However, evidence on this dietary pattern in preventing coronary events is minimal.We aimed to examine the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of coronary events.The Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort study (recruited between 1991 and 1996) included 23,877 participants aged 44.5-73.6 y (62.5% women) without CVDs and diabetes at baseline. A modified diet history was used to collect the dietary data. An EAT-Lancet diet index (range, 0-42 points) was applied on the basis of 14 food components scored 0 (nonadherence) to 3 (adherence). Coronary events were extracted from the registers. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the HRs and 95% confidential intervals (CIs).Over a median of 24.9 y of follow-up, 3031 coronary events occurred (incidence rate: 5.89/1000 person-years). After adjusting for age, sex, dietary assessment methods, season, total energy intake, leisure-time physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, educational level, and BMI, the multivariable HR (95% CI) for coronary events among participants who had the highest adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet index (≥23 points, 8.1%) was 0.80 (0.67, 0.96) compared with those who had the lowest adherence (≤13 points, 9.7%) (P-trend = 0.01 across 5 groups of the EAT-Lancet diet). The inverse association was consistent in men and women and was robust after excluding those with misreported energy and significant diet changes or excluding coronary events occurred within the first 2 y of follow-up.Our data indicate that adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with a lower risk of coronary events.

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