Enhancing light‐matter interaction in 2D materials by optical micro/nano architectures for high‐performance optoelectronic devices

Abstract Two‐dimensional materials are a promising solution for next‐generation electronic and optoelectronic devices due to their unique properties. Owing to the atomic thickness of 2D materials, the light‐matter interaction length in 2D materials is much shorter than that in bulk materials, which limits the performance of optoelectronic devices composed of 2D materials. To improve the light‐matter interactions, optical micro/nano architectures have been introduced into 2D material optoelectronic devices. In this review, we present a concise introduction and discussion of various strategies for the enhancement of light‐matter interaction in 2D materials, namely, the plasmonic effect, waveguide, optical cavity, and reflection architecture. We have outlined the current advances in high‐performance 2D material optoelectronic devices (eg, photodetectors, electro‐optic modulators, light‐emitting diodes, and molecular sensors) assisted by these enhancement strategies. Finally, we have discussed the future challenges and opportunities of micro/nano photonic structure designs in 2D material devices. image