精氨酸
一氧化氮
血管舒张
医学
一氧化氮合酶
内皮
内生
药理学
不对称二甲基精氨酸
药代动力学
内科学
内分泌学
氨基酸
化学
生物化学
作者
Rainer H. Böger,Stefanie M. Bode‐Böger
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2001-04-01
卷期号:41 (1): 79-99
被引量:298
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.79
摘要
L-Arginine (2-amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid) is the precursor of nitric oxide, an endogenous messenger molecule involved in a variety of endothelium-mediated physiological effects in the vascular system. Acute and chronic administration of L-arginine has been shown to improve endothelial function in animal models of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. L-Arginine also improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. The responsiveness to L-arginine depends on the specific cardiovascular disease studied, the vessel segment, and morphology of the artery. The pharmacokinetics of L-arginine have recently been investigated. Side effects are rare and mostly mild and dose dependent. The mechanism of action of L-arginine may involve nitric oxide synthase substrate provision, especially in patients with elevated levels of the endogenous NO synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine. Endocrine effects and unspecific reactions may contribute to L-arginine-induced vasodilation after higher doses. Several long-term studies have been performed that show that chronic oral administration of L-arginine or intermittent infusion therapy with L-arginine can improve clinical symptoms of cardiovascular disease in man.
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