类胰蛋白酶
肥大细胞
炎症
免疫学
发病机制
过敏性炎症
生物
免疫球蛋白E
疾病
过敏
医学
病理
抗体
作者
Jonathan J. Lyons,Tangsheng Yi
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2021.04.001
摘要
Dysregulated mast cell-mediated inflammation and/or activation have been linked to a number of human diseases, including asthma, anaphylaxis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, and mast cell activation syndromes. As a major mast cell granule protein, tryptase is a biomarker commonly used in clinical practice to diagnose mast cell-associated disorders and -mediated reactions, but its mechanistic roles in disease pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of human tryptase genetics and the effects that different genetic composition may have on the quaternary structure of tetrameric mature tryptases. We also discuss how these differences may impact clinical phenotypes including allergic inflammation, immediate hypersensitivity, and others seen in patients with mast cell-associated disorders. With the increased application of next-generation sequencing, we foresee that human genetic approaches will be a major focus of understanding human tryptase functions in various human mast cell disorders and in new therapeutic development.
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