T cells in antibody-associated CNS autoimmunity: a mechanistic approach across autoimmune encephalitis and paraneoplastic disorders

These T-cell dimensions may provide a useful framework for understanding clinical paradoxes - such as relapse despite B-cell depletion, persistent memory dysfunction in IgG4-AE, and therapeutic inefficacy in PNS - and suggest opportunities for therapeutic strategies targeting exhausted T-cell memory, intrathecal cooperation, or TRM stability.