全球导航卫星系统应用
算法
计算机科学
数学
全球定位系统
电信
作者
Vijaya Kumar Kanchetla,Ajinkya Kharalkar,Shubham Jain,Santosh Kumar Khyalia,Jeffin Joy,Swetha Clara Jose,Rajesh Zele
出处
期刊:IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
日期:2022-07-01
卷期号:70 (7): 3361-3373
被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1109/tmtt.2022.3159712
摘要
This article presents a fully integrated low-intermediate frequency (IF) receiver, Dhruva, for global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The compact receiver uniquely features a fully programmable IP with no external components and no change in the on- chip hardware for various GNSS signals (civilian and precise positioning). The receiver bandwidth is programmable from 2 to 24 MHz for signals around $L1$ , $L2$ , $L5$ , and $S$ frequency bands from Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC), global positioning system (GPS), Galileo, and BeiDou. A single-to-differential wideband input-matched noise-canceling low-noise amplifier (LNA) is proposed to avoid the external balun and matching components. An on- chip fractional- $N$ phase-locked loop (PLL) with a single voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) generates the required local oscillator (LO) frequencies. A dc offset correction circuit is proposed in the variable gain amplifier (VGA) to avoid signal saturation. Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology, the receiver draws a current of 38.35 mA from a 1.2-V supply while providing a maximum gain of 101.72 dB with a programmable gain of 53.53 dB and a minimum noise figure (NF) of 3.8 dB. The receiver occupies an active die area of 1.96 mm 2 , including the I/O padring with ESD protection.
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