Application of cognitive computing in healthcare, cybersecurity, big data and IoT: A literature review

Human Intelligence is considered superior compared to Artificial Intelligence (AI) because of its ability to adapt faster to changes. Due to increasing data deluge, it is cumbersome for humans to analyse the vast amount of data and hence AI systems are in demand in today's world. However, these AI systems lack self-awareness, social skills, multitasking and faster adaptability. Cognitive Computing (CC), a subset of AI, acts as an effective solution in solving these challenges by serving as an important driver for knowledge-rich automation work. Knowing the latest research and state of the art in CC is one of the initial steps needed for researchers to make progress in this front. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of prior research in the CC domain along with the challenges, solutions and future research directions. Specifically, CC-based techniques solving real-world problems in four widely-researched application areas, namely, healthcare, cybersecurity, big data and IoT, have been reviewed in detail and the open research issues are discussed.