The spray distribution of a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow in the near-wall region

The gas–liquid mixing process of a liquid jet in supersonic crossflow with a gas–liquid momentum ratio of 7.67 in the near-wall region is investigated numerically. The two-phase flow large eddy simulation is based on the Eulerian–Lagrangian approach and considers the droplet–wall interaction. The results indicate the penetration depth and the lateral extension width, which are in good agreement with the experimental data. The Ω shape, especially the spray foot structure of spray in the cross-sectional plane, is captured well. The transport process of spray toward the wall and the formation of spray foot are systematically studied. Under the influence of the upper CVP (counter-rotating vortex pair), partial droplets in the center region of the spray are transported to the near-wall region and move toward both sides when encountering the wall CVP. Under the current gas–liquid momentum ratio, droplets collide with the wall mainly in the central region at the bottom, which will produce splashed droplets. Affected by the horseshoe vortex, the instantaneous distribution of droplets on both sides near the wall shows stripes shape. The spray foot structure forms the shape that is narrow on the top and wide on the bottom and is mainly formed by splashed droplets. Some splashed droplets in the low-speed boundary layer constitute the lower half of the spray foot; meanwhile, some splashed droplets enter mainstream and constitute the upper half of the spray foot. Moreover, the spray is mainly distributed in the core region, and the spray concentration is very sparse in the spray foot region.