Monitoring microinjection process of small and non-spherical living cells using electrical responses

Cell microinjection is widely applied in various biomedical researches. Notwithstanding the operation challenges on small adherent cells (diameter <; 30 μm), cell injection of small living cells are standard procedures in pathological studies. However, most conventional cell microinjection of small cells are operated manually and monitored visually under a microscope, which usually leads to the microinjection uncertainty and prolong the operation time. It is because the change of cell volume during microinjection is very subtle and difficult to be observed even though the fluorescent technique can be used. When the cell volume is getting smaller, the challenge of verification of microinjection will be increased dramatically. Therefore, we proposed a new monitoring approach to validate the cell microinjection rapidly and quantitatively for small and adherent cells.