Nature-skin-derived multi-responsive e-skin as on-demand drug-delivery system facilitated melanoma postoperative therapy

An ideal strategy for integrated melanoma treatment involves the pursuit of multifunctional biomaterials that possess adjuvant therapy functions, enabling full-scale postoperative relapse prevention, wound healing, and real-time postoperative surveillance. The simulation of electronic skin (e-skin), which emulates the mechanical properties and functions of natural skin, holds significant potential for broad biomedical applications. Herein, a novel multi-responsive controlled-release e-skin (PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox) was developed using natural porcine dermal matrix, MXene nanosheets, silver nanowires (AgNWs), and mesoporous hollow silica microspheres (TSOHSiO2@Dox) for drug-loading. The resulting e-skin exhibited temperature-, pH-, and electric-responsiveness due to the incorporation of TSOHSiO2@Dox microspheres, which allowed for on-demand controlled-release of Dox. The biomimetic structure of porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM) can significantly accelerate the wound healing process under the synergistic effect of electrical stimulation (ES). PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox has demonstrated remarkable antimicrobial and electrophysiological activities, thereby establishing a robust basis for enhancing wound healing and facilitating real-time postoperative tumor surveillance. Extensive in vitro and in vivo investigations have substantiated that the combined utilization of PADM-MX-Ag-Si@Dox and ES results in a proactive amalgamation of melanoma postoperative relapse prevention, wound healing, and real-time postoperative surveillance, thereby establishing a potent therapeutic approach for postoperative cancer adjuvant therapy and paving the way for novel precision medical care.