Multi-stage and multi-timescale optimal energy management for hydrogen-based integrated energy systems

With the technological advances of flexible multiple energy conversion and utilization, hydrogen energy has attracted increasing attention. The hydrogen-based integrated energy system (HIES) consisting of multiple microgrids (MGs) with hydrogen exchanges among MGs is considered a promising hydrogen utilization paradigm. To facilitate the coordination among multiple MGs, this paper proposed a multi-stage and multi-timescale energy management for a HIES considering the electricity-heat-hydrogen supply-demand balance and demand uncertainties. The proposed solution consists of three stages, i.e. the day-ahead scheduling stage, model predictive control (MPC) based intraday rolling dispatch stage and intraday real-time adjustment stage to participate in the electricity and hydrogen market. In the HIES, hydrogen energy can be dispatched and utilized across MGs to enable flexible energy management and improve energy utilization efficiency. The proposed solution is extensively assessed through the IEEE 33-bus test network with a HIES compared with three benchmark solutions and the numerical results confirm its effectiveness and economic benefits.