Study on Electromagnetic Shielding Properties of Three‐Dimensional Braided Hybrid Glass/Carbon Fiber Composites

ABSTRACT To reduce electromagnetic wave reflection on the surface of carbon fiber composite materials and minimize secondary pollution. The article presented a novel design that extends the propagation path of electromagnetic waves through multiple reflections, thereby enhancing the absorption of electromagnetic waves and reducing reflection loss. Copper wire is used to construct a conductive network, and glass fiber is used as the impedance‐matching layer to create a heterogeneous interface within the composite material. Three types of braided multi‐heterogeneous interface preforms were designed and prepared using three‐dimensional (3D) braiding technology. The composite material samples were cured through vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technology. The electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties of the three types of composite materials were studied and analyzed. The results indicated that 3D braided composites with high electromagnetic shielding efficiency and excellent mechanical properties can be achieved by reasonably allocating fiber hybrid ratios and copper wire content. This approach enables the integration of structure and function in electromagnetic shielding composites.