Janus Fibrous Dressing with Controllable Nitric Oxide‐Releasing and Unidirectional Exudate Transport Activities for Bacteria‐Infected Burn Wound Therapy

Abstract Bacterial infections in burn and scald wounds seriously endanger patients. Effectively eliminating bacteria and regulating wound exudate are crucial for preventing infections and reducing mortality. This study introduces a nitric oxide (NO)‐releasing antibacterial poly(ionic liquid)/carbon nitride (C 3 N 4 )‐based Janus fibrous membrane (PIL‐C 3 N 4 ). The PIL‐C 3 N 4 is constructed as a double‐layer membrane, comprising a hydrophilic layer and a hydrophobic layer that contains L‐arginine‐functionalized C 3 N 4 , which serves as a light‐stimuli‐responsive NO donor. The Janus structure of PIL‐C 3 N 4 facilitates unidirectional exudate transport and regulation of wound microenvironment. Upon exposure to light, PIL‐C 3 N 4 demonstrates simultaneous controlled release of NO, effectively eliminating bacteria through the synergistic therapeutic effects of NO and the PIL. In vivo studies indicate that PIL‐C 3 N 4 significantly reduces bacterial viability and alleviates inflammation and promotes collagen deposition, thereby enhancing the healing of burn wounds. This research may contribute to the development of innovative therapeutic platforms for the management and treatment of bacteria‐infected burn wounds.