Hardware removal is a must with endocarditis

Graphical AbstractLifetime management of patients with aortic stenosis who undergo TAVR. BEV, balloon-expanding valve; SEV, self-expanding valve; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement; BVD, bioprosthetic valve dysfunction; TAV-in-TAV, transcatheter aortic valve in transcatheter aortic valve; LOS, length of stay.Open in new tabDownload slide