Enhancing Ablation Resistance of TaB2-Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics by Mixing Fine TaC Particles and Dispersed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) have been widely applied in many fields. In order to enhance the comprehensive properties of TaB₂-based UHTCs, the first collaborative use of fine TaC particles and dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was employed via spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1700 °C. The derived UHTCs exhibited an average grain size of 1.3 μm, a relative density of 98.6%, an elastic modulus of 386.3 GPa, and a nano hardness of 21.7 GPa, leading to a greatly improved oxidation resistance with a lower linear ablation rate at -3.3 × 10^-2 μm/s, and a markedly reinforced ablation resistance with mass ablation rate of -1.3 × 10^-3 mg/(s·cm²). The enhanced ablation resistance was attributable to the physical pinning effect, sealing effect and self-healing effect. Thus, this study provides a potential strategy for preparation of UHTCs with bettered ablation resistance and physical properties.