This article adopted testing way to probe into the rate between Mg and Si ,the effect of micro-rare-earth and the thermal treatment for 6063 aluminum alloy thermal conductivity.The result suggested that 6063 aluminum alloy's thermal conductivity has improved 9.5% after using the ratio between 1.73 Mg and Si,adding 0.3% rare-earth ,preserving the heat at 250℃ after extruding ,and then cooling with the stove.