Bacteriophage is the most abundant bacterial virus in nature.As the natural bacterium killer,it displays exceptionally more advantages than antibiotics to the treatment of bacterial infections especially multi-drug resistant bacterium.The historical and updated research progress in the treatment of bacterial infections employing live bacteriophage and bacteriophage-derived lysin was summarized.The major obstacles in phage therapy and some feasible resolutions were discussed.It is expected that phage therapy will attract renewed interest increasingly and will play more important role in the coming post-antibiotic era.