Objective To investigate the cause and the way of prevention and cure for the postoperative complication following surgical treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSDH) . Methods Through summarizing the clinical data of the operation and the postoperative complication in 96 patients with CSDH, some clinical experiences and methods of prevention were obtained to cure for the postoperative complication. Results All patients underwent operation among 96 cases , there were 69 cases (71.9%) with postoperative complication which was cured correspondingly and healed at last . Necessary measure was taken to avoid the postoperative complication occurring during and after the operation in 27 cases. Conclusion The common complication following the operation of CSDH consist of intracranial aerocele , recurrent hematoma , cerebrospinal fluid leakage , epilepsy and secondary intracranial hemato-ma .To prevent from postoperative complication, it was emphasized to adopt closing skull hole earlier , controlling drainage speed , flushing subdural space repeatedly and operate carefully to avoid injuring arachnoid and brain during operation , etc . The paper indicated that the postoperative complication following the operation of CDSH can be avoided , if only specific management is taken during and after operation.