Recent Advances on Self‐Powered Metal Halide Perovskite Photodetectors

ABSTRACT Metal halide perovskite (MHP) semiconducting materials are considered as promising candidates for next‐generation photodetectors due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties, including tunable bandgaps, high absorption coefficient, long carrier lifetime and diffusion lengths, and solution processability at low cost. In particular, self‐powered perovskite photodetectors (SPPDs), which operate without an external power supply, offer unique advantages for developing intelligent sensor networks and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in SPPDs, focusing on the correlation between perovskite material characteristics, device architectures, and photodetection performance. We first summarize the fundamental properties of perovskite materials and the key performance metrics of photodetectors. Subsequently, we classify SPPDs based on their working mechanisms, and discuss their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we elaborate on three critical strategies to enhance device performance and stability: (1) structural and architectural optimization, (2) advanced film fabrication techniques, and (3) defect and interface passivation approaches. Finally, we outline current challenges and provide future perspectives on materials innovation, scalable manufacturing, defect management, and integration with energy‐harvesting technologies to achieve high‐performance, reliable, and self‐powered photodetectors. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference for researchers working toward the next generation of sustainable high‐efficiency photodetection systems.