Discrete Element Analysis of Indirect Tensile Test Based on Image Processing with Annular Segmentation and Bimodal Threshold

Abstract The discrete element method (DEM) has recently been widely used to analyze the micromechanics behavior of asphalt mixtures. The objective of this study is to present a more accurate image-processing technique to perform an indirect tensile test of asphalt mixture. Cross-sectional images of the specimen were obtained by an X-ray computed tomography (CT) technique. These CT images were processed by annular segmentation combined with bimodal threshold. The image information was transformed to coordinate information by the user-defined program in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). Then, a two-dimensional discrete element model of the indirect tensile test specimen was reconstructed. The indirect tensile test was simulated by the DEM and verified in the laboratory. It was found that this image-processing technology could separate connected or overlapping aggregates and better avoid defects among the aggregates. During the simulation test, the distributed internal forces were gradually concentrated along the loading axis. Four-stage crack initially appeared directly under the loading area and quickly developed along the interface between the aggregate and mortar, mainly along the loading axis. In view of the consistency of the load–displacement curves and crack distribution characteristics in both the simulation and laboratory tests, this numerical method is able to simulate the indirect tensile test.