Modification strategies for improving the solubility/dispersion of carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an important part of diverse carbon family. CNTs, either single walled or multi walled are used in different applications due to their versatile attributes like the unique structure which is crucial for its specific properties. Its high surface area, easier surface modifications and hollow tubular structure impart versatility in terms of properties and applications. Applications of CNTs are often hindered by its limited dispersibility and solubility in different solvents. Variety of modification methods have been employed to improve the solubility and dispersibility of CNTs. These modifications impart special characteristics to nanotube structure, apart from improved dispersibility. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the methods in improving the dispersibility and solubility of CNTs, maximizing their application in diverse fields. Furthermore, conditions and applicability of each modification method is discussed and its effect on dispersion/solubility of CNTs is also evaluated.