Background Developing an appropriate crop rotation scheme is one of the most challenging tasks for sustainable agriculture. Farmers should develop a rotation plan with both the needs of the farm and the needs of the sustainable system in mind. Crop rotation should provide effective weed control by (i) alternating between crops, (ii) including plants adapted to mechanical weed control, or with (iii) allelopathic properties, including (iv) leguminous crops and (v) crops with fibrous root systems to improve soil structure. Crop rotation should also provide an effective insect and disease control .