硫族元素
硫系化合物
锌黄锡矿
太阳能电池
拉曼光谱
图层(电子)
蒸发
结晶
薄膜
材料科学
三元运算
化学工程
快速热处理
金属
分析化学(期刊)
化学
结晶学
冶金
纳米技术
捷克先令
光电子学
光学
硅
工程类
程序设计语言
物理
色谱法
计算机科学
热力学
作者
Robert Lechner,S. Jost,J. Palm,M. Gowtham,Fabien Sorin,Benjamin Louis,Hyesun Yoo,Rachmat Adhi Wibowo,Rainer Hock
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tsf.2012.10.042
摘要
In this contribution we report on the development of a two-step process for the formation of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films for solar cells. The two-step formation process of the pentanary kesterite consists of (i) sputter deposition of the metals Cu, Zn and Sn followed by thermal evaporation of chalcogen and (ii) rapid thermal processing of the metal/chalcogen precursors in chalcogen containing ambient. After the absorber formation process, solar cells were processed by deposition of CdS buffer, window layer and metal grid. We evaluated different metal precursor compositions in the ternary Cu–Zn–Sn metal systems regarding their behavior as appropriate precursors for the crystallization of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 absorbers. X-ray diffraction analyses show the presence of secondary chalcogenide phases in absorbers with Cu-poor composition. In combination with Raman spectroscopy, the efficient sulfoselenization could be demonstrated. A broad compositional region is found giving cell efficiencies above 6% via this process route and the potentials for further improvements are discussed. The best solar cell measured so far reached 6.6% efficiency on 1.34 cm2 cell size.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI