Surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes via plasma discharge: A review

The use of carbon nanotubes in a wide range of academic and industrial fields has received considerable attention due to their uniqueness in structures and properties. Despite these advantages, there are still some significant challenges and drawbacks such as insolubility which can have negative impacts on the application process. The introduction of functional groups on the surface of carbon nanotube can overcome this obstacle. Plasma functionalization can be a preferred method in comparison to other ones as a quick and relatively non-destructive, as well as environmentally-friendly method for the surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes. This review presents a brief introduction to the types, properties, and functionalization methods of carbon nanotubes for a better understanding. The focus of this review is on the modification of carbon nanotubes through different types of plasma functionalization methods, notably plasmas that operate at an ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, to improve their properties. It also investigates the results obtained from analytical methods for plasma treated carbon nanotubes.