Analysis of the expression changes of IL-17+ γδ T cells and Treg cells in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells targeted therapy for allergic rhinitis.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects on immune system diseases. This study intends to assess the regulatory effect of BMSC targeted therapy on the IL-17+ γδ T cells and Treg cells in allergic rhinitis (AR).BALB/c mice were sensitized by ovalbumin (OVA), while BMSCs were injected intravenously before sensitization and followed by an analysis of nasal symptoms, inflammation, cytokines, and immunoglobulins. BMSCs were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 3 days to test Foxp3+ expression, IL-17+ γδ T and Foxp3+Treg cell ratio, and cytokines secretion.After intranasal administration of BMSCs, nasal symptoms and inflammatory infiltration in mice were significantly alleviated, accompanied by reduced OVA-specific IgE in serum. BMSCs significantly inhibited the activity of T lymphocytes, increased TGF-β1 level, decreased IL-17A level, promoted Treg proliferation, and suppressed the proliferation of IL-17+ γδ T cells.BMSC targeted therapy can be used to treat AR by regulating Treg cells to correct IL-17+γδ T cell immune imbalance and is expected to be an effective treatment method for AR.