Research Progress of Biochar Materials for Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

Abstract In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the high-speed development of industry, heavy metal pollution of soil has become increasingly serious, posing a huge threat to economic development and human health. The use of biochar to control soil pollution has become a research hotspot. Biochar has unique physical and chemical properties. It can lessen the transfer and transformation of heavy metals when being used to adsorb and fix heavy metals, and has great application potential in repairing heavy metal pollution. This article reviews the factors affecting biochar remediation of soil heavy metal pollution, the preparation and application of functional biochar, and the adsorption mechanism and remediation effect of biochar on heavy metals. Finally, the article summarizes the current problems of biochar repair technology and makes prospects for future development, hoping to provide reference for future research by science and technology workers.