Designing parks for older adults: A qualitative study using walk-along interviews

The proportion of older adults in the population is increasing and ageing is associated with poorer physical, mental and social health. Hence, there is increasing need for community facilities that are appealing and suitable to older adults and promote good health and well-being. Visiting parks has been shown to facilitate a multitude of physical, psychological, and social health benefits; however, the frequency of park visitation by older adults is low. A better understanding of the needs and preferences of park features among older adults will help park designers to create parks that encourage their visitation. The aim of this qualitative walk-along study was to explore park features that influence park visitation, park-based physical activity and social interaction among older adults (65+ years). Participants (n = 30, mean age = 74.9 years [sd 5.4)], 50 % female) were interviewed by a researcher while walking in one of eight diverse parks located in varying socio-economic status areas of metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using NVivo 12 software. Participants primarily reported using parks for walking, sitting/relaxing, enjoying nature and socialising with others and walking was the preferred park-based activity. Park features highly valued for visitation included: a well-maintained, peaceful and attractive environment with established trees, gardens and birdlife; seating; pleasant paths; toilets; cafés; water features; shade/shelter; facilities for grandchildren; and the presence of other people. Features most valued for physical activity included walking paths, organised activities, and fitness equipment. Features most valued for social interaction included picnic/barbecue facilities, organised events, a café and aesthetics. This evidence is important for policy and decision makers, urban planning, landscape architects, and local, state and national government organisations to ensure our parks are designed to support older adults to lead healthy and active lives.