Observations of Supplementary Cementitious Materials Effects on The Performance of Concrete Foundation

Concrete is the most consumed material after water, and it is responsible for 10% of total CO2 emissions worldwide.Supplementary cementitious materials, including fly ash, silica fume, and granulated furnace slag, have been utilized to improve the mechanical and durability of concrete and reduce Portland cement consumptions.The paper aims to explore the effect of the supplementary cementitious materials' replacement on concrete foundation properties.It was found that fly ash significantly improved durability properties and workability.However, it delays the initial time setting and early compressive strength enhancements.At the same time, silica fume decreased concrete permeability and enhanced compressive strength.The incorporation of 15% silica fume can enhance the compressive by 21% compared to control concrete.On the other hand, silica fume can decrease workability remarkably.