Applications of solar Photovoltaic’s to power stand-alone area and street lighting

Abstract This paper is an introduction to the topics of photovoltaic solar energy conversion and with the help of solar illuminations; street lightings are employed in the surroundings of NIT JALANDHAR. The paper presents the Energy problem in the world: Growing consumption of energy. Solar radiation is described as a main source of renewable energy as well as possible applications of this energy by means of thermal conversion and photovoltaic conversion. The functionality of stand alone solar system is completely different than hybrid kind of solar system. Photovoltaic effect in the p-n junction and physical processes in the photovoltaic structures of solar cells are presented. The performance of each solar panel has been co-related through current and voltage (I-V) curve. The panel size and battery required to operate a better functionality is the key idea of solar photovoltaic system design and its smooth operation. The required number of batteries should be inline such a way that it does fulfil the requirement of power output.