多级模型
统计
调解
随机效应模型
差异(会计)
背景(考古学)
调解
计量经济学
采样(信号处理)
置信区间
心理学
数学
计算机科学
荟萃分析
法学
滤波器(信号处理)
古生物学
业务
内科学
会计
生物
医学
计算机视觉
政治学
作者
Daniel J. Bauer,Kristopher J. Preacher,Karen M. Gil
出处
期刊:Psychological Methods
[American Psychological Association]
日期:2006-01-01
卷期号:11 (2): 142-163
被引量:1393
标识
DOI:10.1037/1082-989x.11.2.142
摘要
The authors propose new procedures for evaluating direct, indirect, and total effects in multilevel models when all relevant variables are measured at Level 1 and all effects are random. Formulas are provided for the mean and variance of the indirect and total effects and for the sampling variances of the average indirect and total effects. Simulations show that the estimates are unbiased under most conditions. Confidence intervals based on a normal approximation or a simulated sampling distribution perform well when the random effects are normally distributed but less so when they are nonnormally distributed. These methods are further developed to address hypotheses of moderated mediation in the multilevel context. An example demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed methods.
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