肺孢子虫肺炎
殖民地化
肺炎
耶氏肺孢子虫
免疫学
疾病
流行病学
生物
卡氏肺孢子虫
聚合酶链反应
呼吸道疾病
肺
医学
微生物学
病理
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)
内科学
基因
生物化学
作者
Alison Morris,Kenneth Wei,Kamyar Afshar,Laurence Huang
摘要
Pneumocystis pneumonia has long been recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations, particularly those with HIV infection. Pneumocystis colonization-that is, detection of the organism or its DNA, without signs or symptoms of pneumonia-has recently been described, and accumulating evidence suggests that it may be an important clinical phenomenon. Sensitive molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction are frequently used to identify Pneumocystis colonization. Low levels of Pneumocystis in the lungs may stimulate pulmonary inflammation and may play a role in the development of lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we discuss evidence for the occurrence of Pneumocystis colonization in animals as well as the epidemiology and risk factors for Pneumocystis colonization in various human populations. We also evaluate the clinical significance of Pneumocystis colonization and its relationship to lung disease.
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