Exploring the Impact of Supply Chain Digital Transformation on Supply Chain Performance: An Empirical Investigation

ABSTRACT In an era characterized by rapid technological advancements and global supply chain complexities, Supply Chain Digital Transformation (SCDT) has emerged as a critical enabler of superior Supply Chain Performance (SCP). Grounded in Systems Theory and Digital Empowerment Theory, this study explores the mechanisms through which SCDT enhances SCP, emphasizing the mediating roles of Supply Chain Integration (SCI), Agility (SCA), and Resilience (SCRes). Employing a mixed‐methods approach, the research integrates insights from semi‐structured interviews with a survey‐based methodology, validated through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‐SEM). The findings reveal that SCDT significantly enhances SCP, both directly and indirectly, by fostering integration, agility, and resilience within supply chains. The study also points to many novel findings, for instance, advanced digital adopters and larger firms experience more pronounced impacts of SCDT on SCP than recent adopters and smaller counterparts. This research offers theoretical contributions by integrating dual theoretical perspectives to provide a holistic understanding of SCDT's impact on SCP and practical implications for organizations operating in dynamic and uncertain environments. By situating its findings within the context of Indian manufacturing, the study extends the discourse on digital transformation to emerging economies, highlighting the transformative potential of digital technologies in building resilient and agile supply chains.