Self-regulatory fatigue has now appeared to emerge as a significant challenge in our contemporary society. This comprehensive review takes a comprehensive overview of its wide-ranging impacts on human function and performance. The analysis includes the discussions of the effects on cognition, social behavior, physical health, and achievement across various domains. Key findings have shown how differences between individuals and some contextual factors moderate fatigue severity. Neuroscience studies and advances in these days demonstrate some complex changes in brain network organization and neurotransmitter function during self-regulation fatigue states. These various insights make a suggestion on the need for sophisticated models to incorporate not only physiological but also without ignoring psychological factors. The review makes some discussions on the implications for education, workplace management, and healthcare settings. Recommendations for future research emphasize improved measurement methods and intervention development. It is crucial to understand these aspects in order to address self-regulatory fatigue in modern life.