ndSynthesis, Properties a Applications of Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

Owing to superb optical versatility, soaring photoluminescence quantum yields, and simple fabrication, perovskite nanocrystals have captivated the interest of researchers across the globe. They are one of the most promising materials of the 20th century due to their extensive applications in optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, flat panel displays, solid-state lighting, detectors, photovoltaics, and sensor fields. The critical attribute of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHPNCs) is the innocuous nature of their structural defects, although highly abundant in these compounds relative to their optical and electronic properties. The structure of halide perovskite is responsible for its excellent optoelectronic properties, including a high absorption coefficient, huge photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), pure color emission, and tunable band gap. The emergence of novel colloidal synthetic strategies for the fabrication of halide perovskite NCs and the exciting properties of this new type of material have attracted the focus of many researchers. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), covering synthesis methods, properties, stability challenges, and potential applications. It examines several methodologies, such as hot injection, ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP), and ion exchange techniques, along with exploring PNCs characteristics such as crystal structure and defect tolerance. Strategies for enhancing stability and utilizing LHPNCs in optoelectronics and photovoltaics are also discussed