Perspectives on Mo-Based Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: A Comprehensive Review

As the environment deteriorates, the urgency for new energy sources becomes evident. Hydrogen emerges as an ideal energy option due to its high energy density and clean nature, making it a promising candidate for future energy development. However, the process of producing hydrogen through water cracking remains a significant challenge, as it requires overcoming a substantial reaction barrier, demanding a large amount of energy. To address this issue, Mo-based composites as electrocatalysts present a viable solution. These composites offer several advantages, such as enhancing the efficiency of water cracking by reducing the reaction barrier and having a more affordable price compared to precious metals. This review comprehensively summarizes and examines various Mo and Mo-based composites with unique morphologies and structures as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction. The study delves into the relationship between material morphologies, preparation methods, elemental compositions, and electrocatalytic properties. Furthermore, the review explores the ongoing development and promising prospects of Mo-based composites in this field.