Advanced progress in metal halide perovskite solar cells: A review

Organic and inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted intense attention in the past decades due to their fantastic performance in stability, durability, rapid processing, and high efficiency competitive to Si-based counterparts. The lab-fabricated solar cells based on organolead halide perovskites have reached a record efficiency of 26.1 %, which implies that halide perovskite materials may open a new paradigm for future solar energy innovation. Organometal/inorganic halide perovskites take advantage of tunable bandgaps, engineerable composites/interfaces, and solution-processible methods that render easy integrations of subcells to form tandem and multijunction modules with higher efficiencies potentially beyond the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit. This review highlights progressive advances in synthesizing perovskite materials and fabricating photovoltaic devices, including organometal and inorganic perovskite materials, single-junction, tandem, multi-junction, and flexible PSCs. The emphasis lies on engineering strategies to optimize the material structure/composite and improve the overall performance of PSCs. Finally, it summarized the perspectives of metal halide perovskites and discussed the challenges of PSCs toward rapid commercialization.