Transaminase catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients

Chiral amine molecules constitute vital components of pharmaceutical ingredients. Recent years have witnessed a growing focus on the efficient synthesis of chiral amines. Transaminases, as catalysts, have emerged as green, efficient, and highly selective solutions for substrates containing ketones or aldehydes, demonstrating exceptional performance in the synthesis of active drug molecules and natural products. This review primarily centers on the application of transaminases in the synthesis of important drug molecules bearing chiral amine group on acyclic or cyclic backbones. We delve into specific examples, highlighting the catalytic prowess of the sole transaminase catalyst as well as the combination with other enzymes in cascade transformations. This review illustrates the primary challenges that transaminases face and provides practical solutions that have been developed in these contexts. These solutions encompass various strategies and techniques that enhance the applicability and efficiency of transaminase-catalyzed reactions. In closing, we offer an outlook on the future of transaminase applications, discussing potential developments and emerging areas where this green and selective catalysis may play a pivotal role.