[Theory and practice of mesenchymal condensation directing tooth development and regeneration].

Mesenchymal stem cells, under spatiotemporal regulation of genes and microenvironment, are capable of spontaneously aggregating into dense regions, a phenomenon known as mesenchymal condensation. Mesenchymal condensation is an evolutionarily conserved developmental event that is critical in initiating morphogenesis of teeth and systemic organs. Mesenchymal stem cells hold the intrinsic ability to self-assemble in culture, and the generation of stem cell aggregates based on this property that mimics developmental mesenchymal condensation has become a potent and promising approach in regenerative medicine. This review discusses the mesenchymal condensation principles and its role as well as mechanism in tooth morphogenesis, as well as the engineering strategies for constructing mesenchymal stem cell aggregates and their application experience in tooth regeneration. It aims to start from the perspective of "development-inspired regeneration" and provide insights into understanding stem cell developmental biology and establishing new organ regenerative strategies.间充质干细胞在基因以及微环境的时空调控下可自发聚集形成致密化区域，这一现象称为间充质凝聚。间充质凝聚是跨物种保守的发育事件，对启动牙及全身器官的形态发生至关重要。间充质干细胞在培养中也具有自组装聚集能力，利用此特性构建干细胞聚合体以模拟发育性间充质凝聚已成为一种具有应用前景的再生医学手段。本文讨论间充质凝聚的原理及其在牙形态发生中的作用与机制，并总结干细胞聚合体的工程化构建策略及应用于牙再生领域的实践经验，旨在从“发育指导再生”的理念出发，为理解干细胞发育生物学和建立新的器官再生策略提供参考。.