Synthesis and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @PDA@Ag core–shell nanoparticles and biological application on human lung cancer cell line and antibacterial strains

Novel magnetic and metallic nanoparticles garner much attention of researchers due to their biological, chemical and catalytic properties in many chemical reactions. In this study, we have successfully prepared a core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@PDA nanocomposite wrapped with Ag using a simple synthesis method, characterised and tested on small cell lung cancer and antibacterial strains. Incorporating Ag in Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@PDA provides promising advantages in biomedical applications. The magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were coated with SiO₂ to obtain negatively charged surface which is then coated with polydopamine (PDA). Then silver nanoparticles were assembled on Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@PDA surface, which results in the formation core-shell nanocomposite. The synthesised nanocomposite were characterized using SEM-EDAX, dynamic light scattering, XRD, FT-IR and TEM. In this work, we report the anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles against H1299 lung cancer cell line using MTT assay. The cytotoxicity data revealed that the IC₅₀ of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@PDA@Ag against H1299 lung cancer nanocomposites cells was 21.52 µg/mL. Furthermore, the biological data of nanocomposites against Gram-negative 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa' and Gram-positive 'Staphylococcus aureus' were carried out. The range of minimum inhibitory concentration was found to be 115 µg/mL where gentamicin was used as a standard drug. The synthesized AgNPs proves its supremacy as an efficient biomedical agent and AgNPs may act as potential beneficial molecule in lung cancer chemoprevention and antibacterial strains.