医学
女性化(社会学)
下巴
外科
前庭系统
甲状腺切除术
甲状腺
听力学
解剖
内科学
社会学
社会科学
作者
Narin N. Carmel Neiderman,Shimrit Arbel,Noa Diamant,Karin Wolfman,Ravit Yanko,Yotam Lior,Anat Kidron,Clariel Ianculovici,Shlomo Kleinman,Yael Oestreicher‐Kedem
标识
DOI:10.1097/prs.0000000000010560
摘要
Feminization laryngochondroplasty (FLC) methods have evolved from using a midcervical incision to a submental, less visible incision. The scar may be unacceptable to the patient because it signals gender reassignment surgery. An endoscopic transoral approach to FLC inspired by transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy was recently suggested to avoid the neck scar; however, it requires special equipment and has a long learning curve. A vestibular incision is used to approach the chin in lower-third facial feminization surgery. The authors propose that this incision may be extended to the thyroid cartilage in performing direct FLCs. The authors describe their experience with a novel, minimally invasive, direct transvestibular use of the chin-reshaping incision.
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